en Systematic Review Systematic Review <aside> <p><b>Context:</b> The role of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection in children&rsquo;s problems is considered in recent years. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, a gram negative spiral flagellate organism has diverse effects and consequences on children&rsquo;s health, but in some issues especially in chronic abdominal pain its role continues to debate. The prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection and remedial measures against it in Iranian children is increasing.</p> </aside> <aside> <p><b>Evidence Acquisition:</b> Diagnostic tests are divided into two categories: Invasive and noninvasive. Diagnostic methods are available and although invasive methods are more accurate and reliable; non-invasive methods are more acceptable and practical for children. Serological diagnosis assays are not worth much in the pediatric fields.</p> </aside> <aside> <p><b>Results:</b> It is important to emphasize that diagnostic methods for <i>H. pylori</i> are revised and in some conditions, such as chronic abdominal pain, contrary to the impression, no treatment is required.</p> </aside> <aside> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Triple therapy is a reasonable method to eradicate <i>H. pylori</i> in the first stage, but different combinations and one week courses in the Iranian studies were successful.</p> </aside> Children, Epidemiology, Chronic Abdominal Pain, Treatment, Helicobacter pylori 0 0 http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-40&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Sobhani Shahmirzadi sobhani_shahmirzadi@yahoo.com 10031947532846002238 10031947532846002238 Yes Department of Pediatrics, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria 10031947532846002239 10031947532846002239 No Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran Gholamreza Roshandel 10031947532846002240 10031947532846002240 No Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran