en Systematic Review Systematic Review <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Context:</b>&nbsp;Venipuncture has been reported as one of the major sources of pain in the children&rsquo;s wards. Various distraction techniques have been used so far to reduce this pain. Distraction technique is one of the non-pharmacological methods of pain control that uses the five senses in order to focus the patient&rsquo;s attention on other stimuli.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Objectives:</b>&nbsp;This study aimed to determine the effect of distraction techniques on the pain of venipuncture in children.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Data Sources:</b>&nbsp;In this systematic review study, all RCTs about distraction techniques were reviewed with no time limit. In order to find evidence in this context, English and Persian scientific databases (PubMed, Elsevier, SID, e.g.) were searched by specified keywords like venipuncture, distraction, and pain.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Study Selection:</b>&nbsp;All studies assessing the effect of distraction techniques on the pain of venipuncture in children were examined in our systematic review. A number of 148 articles were found in the initial investigation of titles, abstracts, and main-texts. After the elimination of duplicates and irrelevant ones, eventually 31 RCT studies and 2 review articles entered the study.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Data Extraction:</b>&nbsp;A checklist was used to extract required data from relevant articles on name, year and type of study, sample size, age range of participants, type of intervention, employed method, and obtained results.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Results:</b>&nbsp;Based on the findings, various techniques of distraction were used on pain control in children including music, virtual reality, audio-visual equipment such as cartoons, animation and video game, squeezing rubber balls, Filippits distraction cards, Hugo point ice massage, making bubbles, breathing exercise, Kaleidoscope color screen and touching the palm of the hand to reduce the pain of venipuncture.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Conclusions:</b>&nbsp;Distraction techniques can reduce the pain of venipuncture in children. It is suggested to make these techniques more effective and apply them by considering the age and mental and physical conditions of children.</p> </aside> Review, Pain, Venipuncture, Pediatrics, Non-Drug Techniques 26 37 http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-58&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Sadegh Rezai 10031947532846001165 10031947532846001165 No Amir Hossein Goudarzian 10031947532846001166 10031947532846001166 No Azar Jafari-Koulaee 10031947532846001167 10031947532846001167 No Masoumeh Bagheri-Nesami 10031947532846001168 10031947532846001168 Yes Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IR Iran