en Meta-analysis Review Meta-analysis Review <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Context:</b>&nbsp;Symptoms of methadone poisoning, as one of the most dangerous types of poisoning, are very serious in children.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Objectives:</b>&nbsp;The aim of this study was to describe causes and clinical symptoms of methadone poisoning in children admitted to hospitals in Iran.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Data Sources:</b>&nbsp;Relevant studies published in national and international journals before January 29, 2016 were identified by studying the available databases, including PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, Iranmedex, MagIran, and Irandoc.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Study Selection:</b>&nbsp;After excluding duplicate, irrelevant, and low-quality articles, relevant papers were entered into the meta-analysis. The prevalence, mean, and standard deviation of methadone poisoning symptoms in children were statistically analyzed, using Stata version 11, and causes of methadone poisoning were presented in tables.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Data Extraction:</b>&nbsp;Studies with unknown sample sizes, abstracts without access to full text, articles with quality assessment scores below 15.5, and studies carried out on non-Iranian populations were excluded from the meta-analysis.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Results:</b>&nbsp;During the initial advanced search, 1594 articles were identified. After quality assessment, 12 papers were found eligible for the final systematic review and meta-analysis, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reported symptoms included drowsiness, vomiting, apnea, cyanosis, seizure, ataxia, and delirium. In the meta-analysis, prevalence of symptoms in referred patients was estimated at 44% (0.95% confidence interval, 0.288 to 0.609). The causes of poisoning in children included accidental feeding by parents, storage of drugs in inappropriate containers, parental addiction, and low educational level of parents.</p> </aside> <aside style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 11px;"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Conclusions:</b>&nbsp;It is important to keep methadone in a suitable container away from children. Also, it is essential to focus on educating parents on health issues of their children.</p> </aside> Methadone, Poisoning, Children, Iran 1 8 http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-64&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Yasaman Allameh 10031947532846002310 10031947532846002310 No Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran Faezeh Sadat Akrami 10031947532846002311 10031947532846002311 No Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran Gholamreza Mohammadi 10031947532846002312 10031947532846002312 No Department of Pediatrics, Velayat Hospital of Damghan, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Nader Molavi 10031947532846002313 10031947532846002313 No Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of SocialWelfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Masoudeh Babakhanian bbakhanian.m@gmail.com 10031947532846002314 10031947532846002314 Yes Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran