en Pediatric Gastroenterology Case Report and Review of Literature Case Report and Review of Literature <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction</strong>: Appendicitis could be a rare complication of Salmonella Typhi infection.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Case Presentation</strong>: we present a 13-year-old girl with typhoid fever with histology-proven acute appendicitis as a rare complication of Salmonella Typhi infection. The patient was admitted to the hospital with the chief complaints of fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting for more than one week. A brief review of relevant literature was also performed to explore more this rare cause of a common emergency surgical procedure.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusions</strong>: In all cases with typhoid fever with persistent diarrhea and vomiting, localized abdominal pain, probable acute appendicitis should be considered as an important complication.</div> Appendicitis, Child, Typhoid fever 255 260 http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-344-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sanaz Mehrabani mehrabanisanaz@gmail.com 10031947532846005998 10031947532846005998 Yes Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.