en Pediatrics Original Article Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background</strong>: Childhood overweight and obesity was once a disease of affluent countries but nowadays it is a burning issue in developing countries too. As it is a lifestyle disease, it increases manifold chances of the development of different non-communicable diseases in adult life. The study was conducted to assess the effects of different determinants of childhood obesity.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Objectives</strong>: The study was conducted to assess the effects of different determinants of childhood obesity.<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: A cross-sectional study was conducted for six months among seventy-five pediatric out-patient attendees aged 5-18 years of a teaching hospital in West Bengal. Socio-demographic characteristics including physical activity levels were taken with a questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory investigations, and carotid intima-medial thickness (CIMT) was measured with B-mode USG. Data were analyzed with SPSS software, version 22, Epi Info, and WHO Anthro plus software, version 1.0.4.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Statistically significant association between childhood overweight and obesity was found with exclusive breastfeeding, high lipid profile and blood sugar, physical inactivity, high liver function test, and CIMT values.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The alarming increase in childhood overweight and obesity indicates the need for more comprehensive preventive interventions to avoid the pandemic of this impending non-communicable disease.&nbsp;</div> Childhood obesity, Carotid intima-medial thickness, Developing countries, Cross-sectional study, Physical inactivity 179 186 http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1035-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sushanta Bhanja drsushantabhanja@gmail.com 10031947532846009568 10031947532846009568 Yes Department of Pediatrics, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, India. Satabdi Mitra stbdimtr111@gmail.com 10031947532846009569 10031947532846009569 No Department of Community Medicine, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India. Jiban Krishna De profjkde123@gmail.com 10031947532846009570 10031947532846009570 No Department of Radiology, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, India.