en نوزادان Neonatology Case & Review Case & Review <strong>Background</strong>: Neonatal tail is a rare, congenital anomaly associated with different conditions, such as tethered cord syndrome (TCS) and spinal dysraphism. Its clinical significance lies in the possibility of neurological deficits and functional impairment.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Case Presentation</strong>: This study presents a case report of a newborn with a neonatal tail that, upon imaging studies, revealed spinal dysraphism and TCS, and reviews the existing literature to observe what associations, outcomes, and management approaches exist for the affected infants. We conducted a review of the literature describing 10 cases emphasizing the need for comprehensive assessment and multidisciplinary management of affected neonates. The criteria for selection of articles were based on cases that specifically addressed the presentation of neonatal tail during the neonatal period and their diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, along with the outcomes, had already been established. Articles that discussed cases beyond the neonatal period were excluded from the study.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusions</strong>: This case report and review highlight the critical association between neonatal tail, tethered cord, and spinal dysraphism, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and intervention. Neonatal tail, Newborn, Spinal dysraphism, Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) 113 118 http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-47-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Amir Hossein Soleymani soleymani.s.a.h@gmail.com 100319475328460012407 0009-0001-6860-0665 No Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Seyed Amir Kazemi s.amirkazemi82@gmail.com 100319475328460012408 0009-0008-6907-9809 No Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Marziyeh Taji marziyehtaji1995@gmail.com 100319475328460012409 0009-0007-6399-3686 No Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Hengameh Nazari hengamehnazari@mazums.ac.ir 100319475328460012410 0009-0003-2685-0484 No Department of Radiology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Roya Farhadi dr.royafarhadi@gmail.com 100319475328460012411 100319475328460012411 Yes Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.