Wed, Apr 23, 2025
Volume 13, Issue 1 (1-2025)
J. Pediatr. Rev 2025, 13(1): 65-72 |
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Sadeghi M, Razavi Z, Khanlarzade E. A Comparative Study Between the Frequency of New Cases of Type 1 Diabetes Two Years Before and Two Years During COVID-19 Pandemic in Be’sat Hospital, Hamadan City, Iran. J. Pediatr. Rev 2025; 13 (1) :65-72
URL: http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-639-en.html
URL: http://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-639-en.html
1- School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
2- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. ,razavizahra@yahoo.com
3- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
2- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. ,
3- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Abstract: (316 Views)
Background: Studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a vigorous area of research to identify potential triggers and preventive interventions.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of newly diagnosed T1DM during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare the obtained data with the pre-pandemic period.
Methods: From March 2018 to March 2022, all newly diagnosed cases of T1DM aged less than 19 years were studied retrospectively in the outpatient Endocrinology Clinic of Be’sat Hospital, Hamadan City, Iran, where all new patients with T1DM are registered. Data regarding age, sex, place of residence (urban, rural), season of diagnosis, and clinical presentations were extracted from the participants’ hospital medical records and then analyzed.
Results: This study comprised 274 confirmed T1DM patients. The Mean±SD age of the study population was 8.39±4.2 years, and 139 patients (50.8%) were males. During the COVID-19 pandemic, more new patients with T1DM were registered in our center than two years before (166 vs 108 cases). Among those, 75 cases (45.2%) presented with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the onset. Although not statistically significant, during the COVID-19 crisis, the frequency of ketoacidosis at presentation of T1DM was higher than two years before (55.2% vs 44.5%, P=0.093). There was no significant difference regarding the mean age of diagnosis of patients with T1DM between two years before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic (P=0.109). Although not statistically significant, during the COVID-19 pandemic, most patients with T1DM were in the age group of 5-9 years versus 10-14 years before the pandemic. The frequency of new cases of type 1 diabetes was higher in girls than boys during the COVID-19 crisis (P=0.048). During the COVID-19 crisis, most cases of T1DM occurred in summer, while before that, most cases were diagnosed in winter. However, there was no significant difference in seasonality of T1DM. There was no significant difference in place of living, initial and duration of clinical symptoms, type of infant feeding, and other perinatal factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The frequency of neonatal jaundice in patients diagnosed before the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly higher than that during the COVID-19 pandemic (P=0.001). The frequencies of history of previous or concurrent COVID-19 infection in the participants and their close relatives were 42(25.3%) and 37(22.3%), respectively. The presence or history of infectious diseases, including COVID-19, was higher during the pandemic (P=0.011).
Conclusions: During COVID-19, we found a higher number of new cases of type 1 diabetes in our tertiary referral center. The frequency of new cases of type 1 diabetes was higher in girls than boys during the COVID-19 crisis. The history of neonatal jaundice in patients diagnosed before the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly higher than that during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of newly diagnosed T1DM during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare the obtained data with the pre-pandemic period.
Methods: From March 2018 to March 2022, all newly diagnosed cases of T1DM aged less than 19 years were studied retrospectively in the outpatient Endocrinology Clinic of Be’sat Hospital, Hamadan City, Iran, where all new patients with T1DM are registered. Data regarding age, sex, place of residence (urban, rural), season of diagnosis, and clinical presentations were extracted from the participants’ hospital medical records and then analyzed.
Results: This study comprised 274 confirmed T1DM patients. The Mean±SD age of the study population was 8.39±4.2 years, and 139 patients (50.8%) were males. During the COVID-19 pandemic, more new patients with T1DM were registered in our center than two years before (166 vs 108 cases). Among those, 75 cases (45.2%) presented with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the onset. Although not statistically significant, during the COVID-19 crisis, the frequency of ketoacidosis at presentation of T1DM was higher than two years before (55.2% vs 44.5%, P=0.093). There was no significant difference regarding the mean age of diagnosis of patients with T1DM between two years before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic (P=0.109). Although not statistically significant, during the COVID-19 pandemic, most patients with T1DM were in the age group of 5-9 years versus 10-14 years before the pandemic. The frequency of new cases of type 1 diabetes was higher in girls than boys during the COVID-19 crisis (P=0.048). During the COVID-19 crisis, most cases of T1DM occurred in summer, while before that, most cases were diagnosed in winter. However, there was no significant difference in seasonality of T1DM. There was no significant difference in place of living, initial and duration of clinical symptoms, type of infant feeding, and other perinatal factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The frequency of neonatal jaundice in patients diagnosed before the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly higher than that during the COVID-19 pandemic (P=0.001). The frequencies of history of previous or concurrent COVID-19 infection in the participants and their close relatives were 42(25.3%) and 37(22.3%), respectively. The presence or history of infectious diseases, including COVID-19, was higher during the pandemic (P=0.011).
Conclusions: During COVID-19, we found a higher number of new cases of type 1 diabetes in our tertiary referral center. The frequency of new cases of type 1 diabetes was higher in girls than boys during the COVID-19 crisis. The history of neonatal jaundice in patients diagnosed before the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly higher than that during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Pediatric Endocrinology
Received: 2024/05/25 | Accepted: 2025/02/1 | Published: 2025/01/21
Received: 2024/05/25 | Accepted: 2025/02/1 | Published: 2025/01/21
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